cocos_lib/cocos/renderer/pipeline/custom/NativePipeline.cpp

/****************************************************************************
 Copyright (c) 2021-2023 Xiamen Yaji Software Co., Ltd.

 http://www.cocos.com

 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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 IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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#include "cocos/renderer/pipeline/PipelineSceneData.h"
#include "cocos/renderer/pipeline/PipelineStateManager.h"
#include "cocos/renderer/pipeline/custom/LayoutGraphTypes.h"
#include "cocos/renderer/pipeline/custom/LayoutGraphUtils.h"
#include "cocos/renderer/pipeline/custom/NativeBuiltinUtils.h"
#include "cocos/renderer/pipeline/custom/NativePipelineTypes.h"
#include "cocos/renderer/pipeline/custom/NativeRenderGraphUtils.h"
#include "cocos/renderer/pipeline/custom/RenderGraphGraphs.h"
#include "cocos/renderer/pipeline/custom/RenderingModule.h"
#include "cocos/renderer/pipeline/custom/details/GslUtils.h"
#include "cocos/renderer/pipeline/custom/details/Range.h"
#include "cocos/scene/ReflectionProbe.h"
#include "cocos/scene/ReflectionProbeManager.h"
#include "cocos/scene/RenderScene.h"
#include "cocos/scene/RenderWindow.h"
#include "pipeline/custom/RenderInterfaceTypes.h"

#if CC_USE_DEBUG_RENDERER
    #include "profiler/DebugRenderer.h"
#endif

namespace cc {

namespace render {

template <gfx::Format>
void addSubresourceNode(ResourceGraph::vertex_descriptor v, const ccstd::string &name, ResourceGraph &resg);

template <>
void addSubresourceNode<gfx::Format::DEPTH_STENCIL>(ResourceGraph::vertex_descriptor v, const ccstd::string &name, ResourceGraph &resg) {
    const auto &desc = get(ResourceGraph::DescTag{}, resg, v);
    const auto &traits = get(ResourceGraph::TraitsTag{}, resg, v);
    const auto &samplerInfo = get(ResourceGraph::SamplerTag{}, resg, v);

    SubresourceView view{
        nullptr,
        gfx::Format::DEPTH_STENCIL,
        0, // indexOrFirstMipLevel
        1, // numMipLevels
        0, // firstArraySlice
        1, // numArraySlices
        0, // firstPlane
        1, // numPlanes
    };

    ccstd::string depthName{name};
    depthName += "/";
    depthName += DEPTH_PLANE_NAME;
    const auto depthID = addVertex(
        SubresourceViewTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(depthName.c_str()),
        std::forward_as_tuple(desc),
        std::forward_as_tuple(traits.residency),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(samplerInfo),
        std::forward_as_tuple(view),
        resg,
        v);

    view.firstPlane = 1;
    ccstd::string stencilName{name};
    stencilName += "/";
    stencilName += STENCIL_PLANE_NAME;
    const auto stencilID = addVertex(
        SubresourceViewTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(stencilName.c_str()),
        std::forward_as_tuple(desc),
        std::forward_as_tuple(traits.residency),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(samplerInfo),
        std::forward_as_tuple(view),
        resg,
        v);
}

NativePipeline::NativePipeline(const allocator_type &alloc) noexcept
: device(gfx::Device::getInstance()),
  globalDSManager(std::make_unique<pipeline::GlobalDSManager>()),
  programLibrary(dynamic_cast<NativeProgramLibrary *>(getProgramLibrary())),
  pipelineSceneData(ccnew pipeline::PipelineSceneData()), // NOLINT
  nativeContext(std::make_unique<gfx::DefaultResource>(device), alloc),
  resourceGraph(alloc),
  renderGraph(alloc),
  name(alloc),
  custom(alloc) {
    programLibrary->setPipeline(this);
}

gfx::Device *NativePipeline::getDevice() const {
    return device;
}

PipelineType NativePipeline::getType() const {
    return PipelineType::STANDARD;
}

PipelineCapabilities NativePipeline::getCapabilities() const {
    return PipelineCapabilities{};
}

void NativePipeline::beginSetup() {
    renderGraph = RenderGraph(get_allocator());
    builtinCSMs.clear();
}

void NativePipeline::endSetup() {
}

bool NativePipeline::getEnableCpuLightCulling() const {
    return nativeContext.sceneCulling.enableLightCulling;
}

void NativePipeline::setEnableCpuLightCulling(bool enable) {
    nativeContext.sceneCulling.enableLightCulling = enable;
}

bool NativePipeline::containsResource(const ccstd::string &name) const {
    return contains(name.c_str(), resourceGraph);
}

uint32_t NativePipeline::addExternalTexture(const ccstd::string &name, gfx::Texture *texture, ResourceFlags flags) {
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID != ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        updateExternalTexture(name, texture);
        return resID;
    }

    const auto &texInfo = texture->getInfo();
    ResourceDesc desc{};
    desc.dimension = getResourceDimension(texInfo.type);
    desc.width = texInfo.width;
    desc.height = texInfo.height;
    desc.depthOrArraySize = desc.dimension == ResourceDimension::TEXTURE3D ? texInfo.depth : texInfo.layerCount;
    desc.mipLevels = texInfo.levelCount;
    desc.format = texture->getFormat();
    desc.sampleCount = gfx::SampleCount::X1;
    desc.textureFlags = texture->getInfo().flags;
    desc.flags = flags;
    desc.viewType = texInfo.type;

    return addVertex(
        PersistentTextureTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(name.c_str()),
        std::forward_as_tuple(desc),
        std::forward_as_tuple(ResourceTraits{ResourceResidency::EXTERNAL}),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(texture),
        resourceGraph);
}

void NativePipeline::updateExternalTexture(const ccstd::string &name, gfx::Texture *texture) {
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID == ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        return;
    }
    auto &desc = get(ResourceGraph::DescTag{}, resourceGraph, resID);
    visitObject(
        resID, resourceGraph,
        [&](IntrusivePtr<gfx::Texture> &tex) {
            desc.width = texture->getWidth();
            desc.height = texture->getHeight();
            tex = texture;
        },
        [](const auto & /*res*/) {});
}

// NOLINTNEXTLINE(bugprone-easily-swappable-parameters)
uint32_t NativePipeline::addRenderWindow(const ccstd::string &name, gfx::Format format, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, scene::RenderWindow *renderWindow) {
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID != ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        updateRenderWindow(name, renderWindow);
        return resID;
    }

    ResourceDesc desc{};
    desc.dimension = ResourceDimension::TEXTURE2D;
    desc.width = width;
    desc.height = height;
    desc.depthOrArraySize = 1;
    desc.mipLevels = 1;
    desc.format = format;
    desc.sampleCount = gfx::SampleCount::X1;
    desc.textureFlags = gfx::TextureFlagBit::NONE;
    desc.flags = ResourceFlags::COLOR_ATTACHMENT | ResourceFlags::INPUT_ATTACHMENT | ResourceFlags::SAMPLED |
                 ResourceFlags::TRANSFER_SRC | ResourceFlags::TRANSFER_DST;

    CC_EXPECTS(renderWindow);

    if (!renderWindow->getSwapchain()) {
        CC_ASSERT(renderWindow->getFramebuffer()->getColorTextures().size() == 1);
        CC_ASSERT(renderWindow->getFramebuffer()->getColorTextures().at(0));
        desc.sampleCount = renderWindow->getFramebuffer()->getColorTextures().at(0)->getInfo().samples;
        RenderSwapchain sc{};
        sc.renderWindow = renderWindow;
        return addVertex(
            SwapchainTag{},
            std::forward_as_tuple(name.c_str()),
            std::forward_as_tuple(desc),
            std::forward_as_tuple(ResourceTraits{ResourceResidency::EXTERNAL}),
            std::forward_as_tuple(),
            std::forward_as_tuple(),
            std::forward_as_tuple(sc),
            resourceGraph);
    }

    CC_ASSERT(renderWindow->getFramebuffer()->getColorTextures().size() == 1);
    CC_ASSERT(renderWindow->getFramebuffer()->getColorTextures().at(0));

    desc.format = renderWindow->getFramebuffer()->getColorTextures()[0]->getFormat();

    return addVertex(
        SwapchainTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(name.c_str()),
        std::forward_as_tuple(desc),
        std::forward_as_tuple(ResourceTraits{ResourceResidency::BACKBUFFER}),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(RenderSwapchain{renderWindow->getSwapchain()}),
        resourceGraph);
}

// NOLINTNEXTLINE
uint32_t NativePipeline::addStorageBuffer(const ccstd::string &name, gfx::Format format, uint32_t size, ResourceResidency residency) {
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID != ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        updateStorageBuffer(name, size, format);
        return resID;
    }
    ResourceDesc desc{};
    desc.dimension = ResourceDimension::BUFFER;
    desc.width = size;
    desc.height = 1;
    desc.depthOrArraySize = 1;
    desc.mipLevels = 1;
    desc.format = format;
    desc.sampleCount = gfx::SampleCount::X1;
    desc.textureFlags = gfx::TextureFlagBit::NONE;
    desc.flags = ResourceFlags::STORAGE | ResourceFlags::TRANSFER_SRC | ResourceFlags::TRANSFER_DST;

    return addVertex(
        ManagedBufferTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(name.c_str()),
        std::forward_as_tuple(desc),
        std::forward_as_tuple(ResourceTraits{residency}),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        resourceGraph);
}

// NOLINTNEXTLINE
uint32_t NativePipeline::addRenderTarget(const ccstd::string &name, gfx::Format format, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, ResourceResidency residency) {
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID != ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        updateRenderTarget(name, width, height, format);
        return resID;
    }
    ResourceDesc desc{};
    desc.dimension = ResourceDimension::TEXTURE2D;
    desc.width = width;
    desc.height = height;
    desc.depthOrArraySize = 1;
    desc.mipLevels = 1;
    desc.format = format;
    desc.sampleCount = gfx::SampleCount::X1;
    desc.textureFlags = gfx::TextureFlagBit::NONE;
    desc.flags = ResourceFlags::COLOR_ATTACHMENT | ResourceFlags::INPUT_ATTACHMENT | ResourceFlags::SAMPLED |
                 ResourceFlags::TRANSFER_SRC | ResourceFlags::TRANSFER_DST;

    return addVertex(
        ManagedTextureTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(name.c_str()),
        std::forward_as_tuple(desc),
        std::forward_as_tuple(ResourceTraits{residency}),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        resourceGraph);
}

// NOLINTNEXTLINE
uint32_t NativePipeline::addDepthStencil(const ccstd::string &name, gfx::Format format, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, ResourceResidency residency) {
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID != ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        updateDepthStencil(name, width, height, format);
        return resID;
    }
    ResourceDesc desc{};
    desc.dimension = ResourceDimension::TEXTURE2D;
    desc.width = width;
    desc.height = height;
    desc.depthOrArraySize = 1;
    desc.mipLevels = 1;
    desc.format = format;
    desc.sampleCount = gfx::SampleCount::X1;
    desc.textureFlags = gfx::TextureFlagBit::NONE;
    desc.flags = ResourceFlags::DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT | ResourceFlags::INPUT_ATTACHMENT | ResourceFlags::SAMPLED |
                 ResourceFlags::TRANSFER_SRC | ResourceFlags::TRANSFER_DST;

    CC_EXPECTS(residency == ResourceResidency::MANAGED || residency == ResourceResidency::MEMORYLESS);

    gfx::SamplerInfo samplerInfo{};
    samplerInfo.magFilter = gfx::Filter::POINT;
    samplerInfo.minFilter = gfx::Filter::POINT;
    samplerInfo.mipFilter = gfx::Filter::NONE;

    resID = addVertex(
        ManagedTextureTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(name.c_str()),
        std::forward_as_tuple(desc),
        std::forward_as_tuple(ResourceTraits{residency}),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(samplerInfo),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        resourceGraph);

    addSubresourceNode<gfx::Format::DEPTH_STENCIL>(resID, name, resourceGraph);
    return resID;
}

uint32_t NativePipeline::addTexture(const ccstd::string &name, gfx::TextureType type, gfx::Format format, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t depth, uint32_t arraySize, uint32_t mipLevels, gfx::SampleCount sampleCount, ResourceFlags flags, ResourceResidency residency) {
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID != ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        updateTexture(name, format, width, height, depth, arraySize, mipLevels, sampleCount);
        return resID;
    }
    const auto dimension = getResourceDimension(type);
    ResourceDesc desc{
        dimension,
        0,
        width,
        height,
        static_cast<uint16_t>(dimension == ResourceDimension::TEXTURE3D ? depth : arraySize),
        static_cast<uint16_t>(mipLevels),
        format,
        sampleCount,
        residency == ResourceResidency::MEMORYLESS ? gfx::TextureFlagBit::LAZILY_ALLOCATED : gfx::TextureFlagBit::NONE,
        flags,
        type,
    };
    return addVertex(
        ManagedTextureTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(name.c_str()),
        std::forward_as_tuple(desc),
        std::forward_as_tuple(ResourceTraits{residency}),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        resourceGraph);
}

void NativePipeline::updateTexture(const ccstd::string &name, gfx::Format format, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t depth, uint32_t arraySize, uint32_t mipLevels, gfx::SampleCount sampleCount) {
    updateResource(name, format, width, height, depth, arraySize, mipLevels, sampleCount);
}

uint32_t NativePipeline::addBuffer(const ccstd::string &name, uint32_t size, ResourceFlags flags, ResourceResidency residency) {
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID != ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        updateBuffer(name, size);
        return resID;
    }
    ResourceDesc desc = {};
    desc.dimension = ResourceDimension::BUFFER;
    desc.width = size;
    desc.flags = flags;
    return addVertex(
        ManagedBufferTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(name.c_str()),
        std::forward_as_tuple(desc),
        std::forward_as_tuple(ResourceTraits{residency}),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        resourceGraph);
}

void NativePipeline::updateBuffer(const ccstd::string &name, uint32_t size) {
    updateResource(name, gfx::Format::UNKNOWN, size, 0, 0, 0, 0, gfx::SampleCount::X1);
}

uint32_t NativePipeline::addResource(
    const ccstd::string &name, ResourceDimension dimension,
    gfx::Format format,
    uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t depth, uint32_t arraySize, uint32_t mipLevels,
    gfx::SampleCount sampleCount, ResourceFlags flags, ResourceResidency residency) {
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID != ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        updateResource(name, format, width, height, depth, arraySize, mipLevels, sampleCount);
        return resID;
    }
    return dimension == ResourceDimension::BUFFER
               ? addBuffer(name, width, flags, residency)
               : addTexture(
                     name,
                     getTextureType(dimension, arraySize),
                     format, width, height, depth,
                     arraySize, mipLevels, sampleCount,
                     flags, residency);
}

void NativePipeline::updateResource(
    const ccstd::string &name, gfx::Format format,
    uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t depth, uint32_t arraySize, uint32_t mipLevels, // NOLINT(bugprone-easily-swappable-parameters)
    gfx::SampleCount sampleCount) {
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID == ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        return;
    }
    auto &desc = get(ResourceGraph::DescTag{}, resourceGraph, resID);

    // update format
    if (format == gfx::Format::UNKNOWN) {
        format = desc.format;
    }
    visitObject(
        resID, resourceGraph,
        [&](ManagedTexture &tex) {
            uint32_t depthOrArraySize = static_cast<uint16_t>(
                desc.dimension == ResourceDimension::TEXTURE3D ? depth : arraySize);
            bool invalidate =
                std::forward_as_tuple(desc.width, desc.height, desc.depthOrArraySize, desc.mipLevels, desc.format, desc.sampleCount) !=
                std::forward_as_tuple(width, height, depthOrArraySize, mipLevels, format, sampleCount);
            if (invalidate) {
                desc.width = width;
                desc.height = height;
                desc.depthOrArraySize = depthOrArraySize;
                desc.mipLevels = mipLevels;
                desc.format = format;
                desc.sampleCount = sampleCount;
                resourceGraph.invalidatePersistentRenderPassAndFramebuffer(tex.texture.get());
            }
        },
        [&](ManagedBuffer & /*buffer*/) {
            desc.width = width;
        },
        [](const auto & /*res*/) {});
}

// NOLINTNEXTLINE
uint32_t NativePipeline::addStorageTexture(const ccstd::string &name, gfx::Format format, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, ResourceResidency residency) {
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID != ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        updateStorageTexture(name, width, height, format);
        return resID;
    }
    ResourceDesc desc{};
    desc.dimension = ResourceDimension::TEXTURE2D;
    desc.width = width;
    desc.height = height;
    desc.depthOrArraySize = 1;
    desc.mipLevels = 1;
    desc.format = format;
    desc.sampleCount = gfx::SampleCount::X1;
    desc.textureFlags = gfx::TextureFlagBit::NONE;
    desc.flags = ResourceFlags::STORAGE | ResourceFlags::SAMPLED | ResourceFlags::TRANSFER_SRC | ResourceFlags::TRANSFER_DST;

    CC_EXPECTS(residency == ResourceResidency::MANAGED || residency == ResourceResidency::MEMORYLESS);

    gfx::SamplerInfo samplerInfo{};
    samplerInfo.magFilter = gfx::Filter::POINT;
    samplerInfo.minFilter = gfx::Filter::POINT;
    samplerInfo.mipFilter = gfx::Filter::NONE;
    return addVertex(
        ManagedTextureTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(name.c_str()),
        std::forward_as_tuple(desc),
        std::forward_as_tuple(ResourceTraits{residency}),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(samplerInfo),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        resourceGraph);
}
// NOLINTNEXTLINE
uint32_t NativePipeline::addShadingRateTexture(const ccstd::string &name, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, ResourceResidency residency) {
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID != ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        updateShadingRateTexture(name, width, height);
        return resID;
    }
    ResourceDesc desc{};
    desc.dimension = ResourceDimension::TEXTURE2D;
    desc.width = width;
    desc.height = height;
    desc.depthOrArraySize = 1;
    desc.mipLevels = 1;
    desc.format = gfx::Format::R8UI;
    desc.sampleCount = gfx::SampleCount::X1;
    desc.textureFlags = gfx::TextureFlagBit::NONE;
    desc.flags = ResourceFlags::SHADING_RATE | ResourceFlags::STORAGE | ResourceFlags::SAMPLED | ResourceFlags::TRANSFER_SRC | ResourceFlags::TRANSFER_DST;

    CC_EXPECTS(residency == ResourceResidency::MANAGED || residency == ResourceResidency::MEMORYLESS);

    gfx::SamplerInfo samplerInfo{};
    samplerInfo.magFilter = gfx::Filter::POINT;
    samplerInfo.minFilter = gfx::Filter::POINT;
    samplerInfo.mipFilter = gfx::Filter::NONE;
    return addVertex(
        ManagedTextureTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(name.c_str()),
        std::forward_as_tuple(desc),
        std::forward_as_tuple(ResourceTraits{residency}),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(samplerInfo),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        resourceGraph);
}

uint32_t NativePipeline::addCustomBuffer(
    const ccstd::string &name,
    const gfx::BufferInfo &info, const std::string &type) {
    if (!custom.currentContext) {
        return ResourceGraph::null_vertex();
    }
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID != ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        updateBuffer(name, info.size);
        return resID;
    }
    auto &ctx = *custom.currentContext;

    ResourceDesc desc{};
    desc.dimension = ResourceDimension::BUFFER;
    desc.width = info.size;
    desc.height = 1;
    desc.depthOrArraySize = 1;
    desc.mipLevels = 1;
    desc.format = gfx::Format::UNKNOWN;
    desc.sampleCount = gfx::SampleCount::X1;
    desc.textureFlags = gfx::TextureFlagBit::NONE;
    desc.flags = ResourceFlags::NONE;

    auto ptr = ctx.createCustomBuffer(type, info);

    return addVertex(
        PersistentBufferTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(name.c_str()),
        std::forward_as_tuple(desc),
        std::forward_as_tuple(ResourceTraits{ResourceResidency::EXTERNAL}),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(std::move(ptr)),
        resourceGraph);
}

uint32_t NativePipeline::addCustomTexture(
    const ccstd::string &name,
    const gfx::TextureInfo &info, const std::string &type) {
    if (!custom.currentContext) {
        return ResourceGraph::null_vertex();
    }
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID != ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        updateTexture(name,
                      info.format, info.width, info.height, info.depth,
                      info.layerCount, info.levelCount, info.samples);
        return resID;
    }
    auto &ctx = *custom.currentContext;

    ResourceDesc desc{};
    desc.dimension = ResourceDimension::TEXTURE2D;
    desc.width = info.width;
    desc.height = info.height;
    desc.depthOrArraySize = info.layerCount;
    desc.mipLevels = info.levelCount;
    desc.format = info.format;
    desc.sampleCount = gfx::SampleCount::X1;
    desc.textureFlags = info.flags;
    desc.flags = ResourceFlags::NONE;

    auto ptr = ctx.createCustomTexture(type, info);

    return addVertex(
        PersistentTextureTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(name.c_str()),
        std::forward_as_tuple(desc),
        std::forward_as_tuple(ResourceTraits{ResourceResidency::EXTERNAL}),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(std::move(ptr)),
        resourceGraph);
}

void NativePipeline::updateRenderWindow(const ccstd::string &name, scene::RenderWindow *renderWindow) {
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID == ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        return;
    }
    auto &desc = get(ResourceGraph::DescTag{}, resourceGraph, resID);
    visitObject(
        resID, resourceGraph,
        [&](IntrusivePtr<gfx::Framebuffer> &fb) {
            // deprecated
            CC_EXPECTS(false);
            CC_EXPECTS(!renderWindow->getSwapchain());
            desc.width = renderWindow->getWidth();
            desc.height = renderWindow->getHeight();
            fb = renderWindow->getFramebuffer();
        },
        [&](RenderSwapchain &sc) {
            auto *newSwapchain = renderWindow->getSwapchain();
            const auto &oldTexture = resourceGraph.getTexture(resID);
            resourceGraph.invalidatePersistentRenderPassAndFramebuffer(oldTexture);
            if (newSwapchain) {
                desc.width = newSwapchain->getWidth();
                desc.height = newSwapchain->getHeight();

                sc.renderWindow = nullptr;
                sc.swapchain = renderWindow->getSwapchain();
                sc.generation = newSwapchain->getGeneration();
            } else {
                CC_EXPECTS(renderWindow->getFramebuffer());
                CC_EXPECTS(renderWindow->getFramebuffer()->getColorTextures().size() == 1);
                CC_EXPECTS(renderWindow->getFramebuffer()->getColorTextures().front());

                const auto &texture = renderWindow->getFramebuffer()->getColorTextures().front();
                desc.width = texture->getWidth();
                desc.height = texture->getHeight();

                sc.renderWindow = renderWindow;
                sc.swapchain = nullptr;
                sc.generation = 0xFFFFFFFF;
            }
        },
        [](const auto & /*res*/) {});
}

void NativePipeline::updateStorageBuffer(
    const ccstd::string &name, uint32_t size, gfx::Format format) { // NOLINT(bugprone-easily-swappable-parameters)
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID == ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        return;
    }
    auto &desc = get(ResourceGraph::DescTag{}, resourceGraph, resID);

    // update format
    if (format == gfx::Format::UNKNOWN) {
        format = desc.format;
    }

    visitObject(
        resID, resourceGraph,
        [&](ManagedBuffer &buffer) {
            std::ignore = buffer;
            bool invalidate =
                std::forward_as_tuple(desc.width, desc.format) !=
                std::forward_as_tuple(size, format);
            if (invalidate) {
                desc.width = size;
                desc.format = format;
                // TODO(zhouzhenglong): invalidate buffer
            }
        },
        [](const auto & /*res*/) {});
}

void NativePipeline::updateRenderTarget(
    const ccstd::string &name,
    uint32_t width, uint32_t height, gfx::Format format) { // NOLINT(bugprone-easily-swappable-parameters)
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID == ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        return;
    }
    auto &desc = get(ResourceGraph::DescTag{}, resourceGraph, resID);

    // update format
    if (format == gfx::Format::UNKNOWN) {
        format = desc.format;
    }
    visitObject(
        resID, resourceGraph,
        [&](ManagedTexture &tex) {
            bool invalidate =
                std::forward_as_tuple(desc.width, desc.height, desc.format) !=
                std::forward_as_tuple(width, height, format);
            if (invalidate) {
                for (const auto &e : makeRange(children(resID, resourceGraph))) {
                    const auto childID = child(e, resourceGraph);
                    auto &desc = get(ResourceGraph::DescTag{}, resourceGraph, childID);
                    desc.width = width;
                    desc.height = height;
                    desc.format = format;
                }
                desc.width = width;
                desc.height = height;
                desc.format = format;
                resourceGraph.invalidatePersistentRenderPassAndFramebuffer(tex.texture.get());
            }
        },
        [](const auto & /*res*/) {});
}

void NativePipeline::updateDepthStencil(
    const ccstd::string &name,
    uint32_t width, uint32_t height, gfx::Format format) { // NOLINT(bugprone-easily-swappable-parameters)
    updateRenderTarget(name, width, height, format);
}

void NativePipeline::updateStorageTexture(
    const ccstd::string &name, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, gfx::Format format) { // NOLINT(bugprone-easily-swappable-parameters)
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID == ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        return;
    }
    auto &desc = get(ResourceGraph::DescTag{}, resourceGraph, resID);

    // update format
    if (format == gfx::Format::UNKNOWN) {
        format = desc.format;
    }

    visitObject(
        resID, resourceGraph,
        [&](ManagedTexture &tex) {
            std::ignore = tex;
            bool invalidate =
                std::forward_as_tuple(desc.width, desc.height, desc.format) !=
                std::forward_as_tuple(width, height, format);
            if (invalidate) {
                desc.width = width;
                desc.height = height;
                desc.format = format;
                // TODO(zhouzhenglong): invalidate storage texture
            }
        },
        [](const auto & /*res*/) {});
}

void NativePipeline::updateShadingRateTexture(
    const ccstd::string &name, uint32_t width, uint32_t height) { // NOLINT(bugprone-easily-swappable-parameters)
    auto resID = findVertex(ccstd::pmr::string(name, get_allocator()), resourceGraph);
    if (resID == ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
        return;
    }
    auto &desc = get(ResourceGraph::DescTag{}, resourceGraph, resID);

    // update format
    visitObject(
        resID, resourceGraph,
        [&](ManagedTexture &tex) {
            std::ignore = tex;
            bool invalidate =
                std::forward_as_tuple(desc.width, desc.height) !=
                std::forward_as_tuple(width, height);
            if (invalidate) {
                desc.width = width;
                desc.height = height;
                // TODO(zhouzhenglong): invalidate shading rate texture
            }
        },
        [](const auto & /*res*/) {});
}

void NativePipeline::beginFrame() {
    // noop
}

void NativePipeline::update(const scene::Camera *camera) {
    const auto *sceneData = getPipelineSceneData();
    const auto *shadows = sceneData->getShadows();
    if (shadows && shadows->isEnabled() && shadows->getType() == scene::ShadowType::SHADOW_MAP &&
        camera && camera->getScene() && camera->getScene()->getMainLight()) {
        sceneData->getCSMLayers()->update(sceneData, camera);
    }
}

void NativePipeline::endFrame() {
    // noop
}

namespace {

gfx::LoadOp getLoadOpOfClearFlag(gfx::ClearFlagBit clearFlag, AttachmentType attachment) {
    gfx::LoadOp loadOp = gfx::LoadOp::CLEAR;
    if (!(clearFlag & gfx::ClearFlagBit::COLOR) && attachment == AttachmentType::RENDER_TARGET) {
        if (static_cast<uint32_t>(clearFlag) & cc::scene::Camera::SKYBOX_FLAG) {
            loadOp = gfx::LoadOp::CLEAR;
        } else {
            loadOp = gfx::LoadOp::LOAD;
        }
    }
    if ((clearFlag & gfx::ClearFlagBit::DEPTH_STENCIL) != gfx::ClearFlagBit::DEPTH_STENCIL && attachment == AttachmentType::DEPTH_STENCIL) {
        if (!(clearFlag & gfx::ClearFlagBit::DEPTH)) {
            loadOp = gfx::LoadOp::LOAD;
        }
        if (!(clearFlag & gfx::ClearFlagBit::STENCIL)) {
            loadOp = gfx::LoadOp::LOAD;
        }
    }
    return loadOp;
}

void updateCameraUBO(Setter &setter, const scene::Camera *camera, NativePipeline &ppl) {
    auto sceneData = ppl.pipelineSceneData;
    auto *skybox = sceneData->getSkybox();
    setter.setBuiltinCameraConstants(camera);
}

void buildReflectionProbePass(
    const scene::Camera *camera,
    render::NativePipeline *pipeline,
    const scene::ReflectionProbe *probe,
    scene::RenderWindow *renderWindow,
    int faceIdx) {
    const std::string cameraName = "Camera" + std::to_string(faceIdx);
    const auto &area = probe->renderArea();
    const auto width = static_cast<uint32_t>(area.x);
    const auto height = static_cast<uint32_t>(area.y);
    const auto *probeCamera = probe->getCamera();
    const std::string probePassRTName = "reflectionProbePassColor" + cameraName;
    const std::string probePassDSName = "reflectionProbePassDS" + cameraName;
    if (!pipeline->containsResource(probePassRTName)) {
        pipeline->addRenderWindow(probePassRTName, gfx::Format::RGBA8, width, height, renderWindow);
        pipeline->addDepthStencil(probePassDSName, gfx::Format::DEPTH_STENCIL, width, height, ResourceResidency::EXTERNAL);
    }
    pipeline->updateRenderWindow(probePassRTName, renderWindow);
    pipeline->updateDepthStencil(probePassDSName, width, height, gfx::Format::DEPTH_STENCIL);
    std::unique_ptr<RenderPassBuilder> passBuilder(pipeline->addRenderPass(width, height, "default"));
    passBuilder->setName("ReflectionProbePass" + std::to_string(faceIdx));
    gfx::Viewport currViewport{};
    currViewport.width = width;
    currViewport.height = height;
    passBuilder->setViewport(currViewport);
    gfx::Color clearColor{};
    clearColor.x = probeCamera->getClearColor().x;
    clearColor.y = probeCamera->getClearColor().y;
    clearColor.z = probeCamera->getClearColor().z;
    clearColor.w = probeCamera->getClearColor().w;
    passBuilder->addRenderTarget(
        probePassRTName,
        getLoadOpOfClearFlag(probeCamera->getClearFlag(), AttachmentType::RENDER_TARGET),
        gfx::StoreOp::STORE,
        clearColor);
    passBuilder->addDepthStencil(
        probePassDSName,
        getLoadOpOfClearFlag(probeCamera->getClearFlag(), AttachmentType::DEPTH_STENCIL),
        gfx::StoreOp::STORE,
        probeCamera->getClearDepth(),
        probeCamera->getClearStencil(),
        probeCamera->getClearFlag());
    std::unique_ptr<RenderQueueBuilder> queueBuilder(
        passBuilder->addQueue(QueueHint::RENDER_OPAQUE, "reflect-map"));
    LightInfo lightInfo{};
    lightInfo.probe = const_cast<scene::ReflectionProbe *>(probe);
    queueBuilder->addSceneOfCamera(const_cast<scene::Camera *>(camera), lightInfo, SceneFlags::REFLECTION_PROBE | SceneFlags::OPAQUE_OBJECT);
    updateCameraUBO(*queueBuilder, probeCamera, *pipeline);
}

} // namespace

void NativePipeline::addBuiltinReflectionProbePass(const scene::Camera *camera) {
    const auto *reflectProbeManager = scene::ReflectionProbeManager::getInstance();
    if (!reflectProbeManager) return;
    const auto &probes = reflectProbeManager->getAllProbes();
    for (auto *probe : probes) {
        if (probe->needRender()) {
            if (probe->getProbeType() == scene::ReflectionProbe::ProbeType::PLANAR) {
                buildReflectionProbePass(camera, this, probe, probe->getRealtimePlanarTexture()->getWindow(), 0);
            }
        }
    }
}

RenderPassBuilder *NativePipeline::addRenderPass(
    uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
    const ccstd::string &passName) {
    const auto &layoutGraph = programLibrary->layoutGraph;

    auto [passID, passLayoutID] = addRenderPassVertex(
        renderGraph, layoutGraph,
        width, height, 1, 0, passName);

    auto *builder = ccnew NativeRenderPassBuilder(
        this, &renderGraph, passID, &layoutGraph, passLayoutID);

    updateRasterPassConstants(width, height, *builder);

    return builder;
}

MultisampleRenderPassBuilder *NativePipeline::addMultisampleRenderPass(
    uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
    uint32_t count, uint32_t quality,
    const ccstd::string &passName) {
    CC_EXPECTS(count > 1);
    const auto &layoutGraph = programLibrary->layoutGraph;

    auto [passID, passLayoutID] = addRenderPassVertex(
        renderGraph, layoutGraph,
        width, height, count, quality, passName);

    auto &pass = get(RasterPassTag{}, passID, renderGraph);

    auto [subpassID, subpassLayoutID] = addRenderSubpassVertex(
        pass, renderGraph, passID,
        layoutGraph, passLayoutID,
        "", // subpassName is empty
        count, quality);

    auto *builder = ccnew NativeMultisampleRenderPassBuilder(
        this, &renderGraph, passID, &layoutGraph, passLayoutID,
        subpassID, subpassLayoutID);

    updateRasterPassConstants(pass.width, pass.height, *builder);

    return builder;
}

void NativePipeline::addResolvePass(const ccstd::vector<ResolvePair> &resolvePairs) {
    ResolvePass pass(renderGraph.get_allocator());
    pass.resolvePairs.reserve(resolvePairs.size());
    for (auto &&pair : resolvePairs) {
        pass.resolvePairs.emplace_back(pair);
    }
    std::string_view name("Resolve");
    addVertex2(
        ResolveTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(name),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(std::move(pass)),
        renderGraph);
}

// NOLINTNEXTLINE
ComputePassBuilder *NativePipeline::addComputePass(const ccstd::string &passName) {
    auto passID = addVertex2(
        ComputeTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(passName),
        std::forward_as_tuple(passName),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        renderGraph);

    auto passLayoutID = locate(LayoutGraphData::null_vertex(), passName, programLibrary->layoutGraph);

    return ccnew NativeComputePassBuilder(this, &renderGraph, passID, &programLibrary->layoutGraph, passLayoutID);
}

void NativePipeline::addMovePass(const ccstd::vector<MovePair> &movePairs) {
    MovePass pass(renderGraph.get_allocator());
    pass.movePairs.reserve(movePairs.size());
    for (auto &&pair : movePairs) {
        pass.movePairs.emplace_back(pair);
    }
    std::string_view name("Move");
    addVertex2(
        MoveTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(name),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(std::move(pass)),
        renderGraph);
}

namespace {

void setupGpuDrivenResources(
    NativePipeline &ppl, uint32_t cullingID, ResourceGraph &resg, const std::string &hzbName) {
    ccstd::pmr::string name(resg.get_allocator());
    { // init resource
        name = "_GpuInit";
        name.append(std::to_string(cullingID));
        auto resID = findVertex(name, resg);
        if (resID == ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
            resID = addVertex(
                PersistentBufferTag{},
                std::forward_as_tuple(name.c_str()),
                std::forward_as_tuple(),
                std::forward_as_tuple(ResourceTraits{ResourceResidency::EXTERNAL}),
                std::forward_as_tuple(),
                std::forward_as_tuple(),
                std::forward_as_tuple(/*xxx*/),
                resg);
        } else {
            CC_EXPECTS(holds<PersistentBufferTag>(resID, resg));
            // get(PersistentBufferTag{}, resID, resg) = xxx;
        }
    }
    {
        name = "CCObjectBuffer";
        name.append(std::to_string(cullingID));
        auto resID = findVertex(name, resg);
        if (resID == ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
            resID = ppl.addStorageBuffer(std::string(name), gfx::Format::UNKNOWN, 0, ResourceResidency::MANAGED);
        } else {
            CC_EXPECTS(holds<PersistentBufferTag>(resID, resg));
            ppl.updateStorageBuffer(std::string(name), 0, gfx::Format::UNKNOWN);
        }
    }
    {
        name = "CCInstanceBuffer";
        name.append(std::to_string(cullingID));
        auto resID = findVertex(name, resg);
        if (resID == ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
            resID = ppl.addStorageBuffer(std::string(name), gfx::Format::UNKNOWN, 0, ResourceResidency::MANAGED);
        } else {
            CC_EXPECTS(holds<PersistentBufferTag>(resID, resg));
            ppl.updateStorageBuffer(std::string(name), 0, gfx::Format::UNKNOWN);
        }
    }
    {
        name = "CCDrawIndirectBuffer";
        name.append(std::to_string(cullingID));
        auto resID = findVertex(name, resg);
        if (resID == ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
            resID = ppl.addStorageBuffer(std::string(name), gfx::Format::UNKNOWN, 0, ResourceResidency::MANAGED);
        } else {
            CC_EXPECTS(holds<PersistentBufferTag>(resID, resg));
            ppl.updateStorageBuffer(std::string(name), 0, gfx::Format::UNKNOWN);
        }
    }
    {
        name = "CCDrawInstanceBuffer";
        name.append(std::to_string(cullingID));
        auto resID = findVertex(name, resg);
        if (resID == ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
            resID = ppl.addStorageBuffer(std::string(name), gfx::Format::UNKNOWN, 0, ResourceResidency::MANAGED);
        } else {
            CC_EXPECTS(holds<PersistentBufferTag>(resID, resg));
            ppl.updateStorageBuffer(std::string(name), 0, gfx::Format::UNKNOWN);
        }
    }
    {
        name = "CCVisibilityBuffer";
        name.append(std::to_string(cullingID));
        auto resID = findVertex(name, resg);
        if (resID == ResourceGraph::null_vertex()) {
            resID = ppl.addStorageBuffer(std::string(name), gfx::Format::UNKNOWN, 0, ResourceResidency::MANAGED);
        } else {
            CC_EXPECTS(holds<PersistentBufferTag>(resID, resg));
            ppl.updateStorageBuffer(std::string(name), 0, gfx::Format::UNKNOWN);
        }
    }
    if (!hzbName.empty()) {
    }
}

} // namespace

void NativePipeline::addBuiltinGpuCullingPass(
    const scene::Camera *camera, const std::string &hzbName, const scene::Light *light) {
    std::ignore = camera;
    const uint32_t cullingID = ++nativeContext.sceneCulling.gpuCullingPassID;
    setupGpuDrivenResources(*this, cullingID, resourceGraph, hzbName);

    if (light) {
        // build light culling pass
        return;
    }

    const std::string objectBuffer = "CCObjectBuffer" + std::to_string(cullingID);
    const std::string instanceBuffer = "CCInstanceBuffer" + std::to_string(cullingID);
    const std::string drawIndirectBuffer = "CCDrawIndirectBuffer" + std::to_string(cullingID);
    const std::string drawInstanceBuffer = "CCDrawInstanceBuffer" + std::to_string(cullingID);
    const std::string visibilityBuffer = "CCVisibilityBuffer" + std::to_string(cullingID);

    // init indirected buffers
    {
        CopyPass copyPass{renderGraph.get_allocator()};
        {
            CopyPair copyPair{renderGraph.get_allocator()};
            copyPair.source = "xxx";
            copyPair.target = drawIndirectBuffer;
            copyPair.mipLevels = 1;
            copyPair.numSlices = 1;
            copyPass.copyPairs.emplace_back(std::move(copyPair));
        }

        auto copyID = addVertex2(
            CopyTag{},
            std::forward_as_tuple("CopyInitialIndirectBuffer"),
            std::forward_as_tuple(),
            std::forward_as_tuple(),
            std::forward_as_tuple(),
            std::forward_as_tuple(std::move(copyPass)),
            renderGraph);
        CC_ENSURES(copyID != RenderGraph::null_vertex());
    }
    // run compute cullling pass
    {
        ComputePass computePass{renderGraph.get_allocator()};
        {
            auto res = computePass.computeViews.emplace(
                std::piecewise_construct,
                std::forward_as_tuple(drawIndirectBuffer),
                std::forward_as_tuple());
            auto &view = res.first->second.emplace_back();
            view.name = "CCDrawIndirectBuffer";
            view.accessType = AccessType::WRITE;
            view.shaderStageFlags = gfx::ShaderStageFlagBit::COMPUTE;
        }
        {
            auto res = computePass.computeViews.emplace(
                std::piecewise_construct,
                std::forward_as_tuple(drawInstanceBuffer),
                std::forward_as_tuple());
            auto &view = res.first->second.emplace_back();
            view.name = "CCDrawInstanceBuffer";
            view.accessType = AccessType::WRITE;
            view.shaderStageFlags = gfx::ShaderStageFlagBit::COMPUTE;
        }
        {
            auto res = computePass.computeViews.emplace(
                std::piecewise_construct,
                std::forward_as_tuple(visibilityBuffer),
                std::forward_as_tuple());
            auto &view = res.first->second.emplace_back();
            view.name = "CCVisibilityBuffer";
            view.accessType = AccessType::WRITE;
            view.shaderStageFlags = gfx::ShaderStageFlagBit::COMPUTE;
        }

        auto computePassID = addVertex2(
            ComputeTag{},
            std::forward_as_tuple("Scene"),
            std::forward_as_tuple(),
            std::forward_as_tuple(),
            std::forward_as_tuple(),
            std::forward_as_tuple(std::move(computePass)),
            renderGraph);
        CC_ENSURES(computePassID != RenderGraph::null_vertex());
    }
}

void NativePipeline::addBuiltinHzbGenerationPass(
    // NOLINTNEXTLINE(bugprone-easily-swappable-parameters)
    const std::string &sourceDepthStencilName, const std::string &targetHzbName) {
}

void NativePipeline::addCopyPass(const ccstd::vector<CopyPair> &copyPairs) {
    CopyPass pass(renderGraph.get_allocator());
    pass.copyPairs.reserve(copyPairs.size());
    for (auto &&pair : copyPairs) {
        pass.copyPairs.emplace_back(pair);
    }
    std::string_view name("Copy");
    addVertex2(
        CopyTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(name),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(std::move(pass)),
        renderGraph);
}

void NativePipeline::addUploadPass(ccstd::vector<UploadPair> &uploadPairs) {
    CopyPass pass(renderGraph.get_allocator());
    pass.uploadPairs.reserve(uploadPairs.size());
    for (auto &&pair : uploadPairs) {
        pass.uploadPairs.emplace_back(std::move(pair));
    }
    uploadPairs.clear();
    std::string_view name("Upload");
    addVertex2(
        CopyTag{},
        std::forward_as_tuple(name),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(),
        std::forward_as_tuple(std::move(pass)),
        renderGraph);
}

gfx::DescriptorSetLayout *NativePipeline::getDescriptorSetLayout(const ccstd::string &shaderName, UpdateFrequency freq) {
    const auto &lg = programLibrary->layoutGraph;
    auto iter = lg.shaderLayoutIndex.find(std::string_view{shaderName});
    if (iter != lg.shaderLayoutIndex.end()) {
        const auto &layouts = get(LayoutGraphData::LayoutTag{}, lg, iter->second).descriptorSets;
        auto iter2 = layouts.find(freq);
        if (iter2 != layouts.end()) {
            return iter2->second.descriptorSetLayout.get();
        }
        return nullptr;
    }
    CC_EXPECTS(false);
    return nullptr;
}

gfx::DescriptorSet *NativePipeline::getDescriptorSet() const {
    return globalDSManager->getGlobalDescriptorSet();
}

const ccstd::vector<gfx::CommandBuffer *> &NativePipeline::getCommandBuffers() const {
    return _commandBuffers;
}

namespace {

void buildLayoutGraphNodeBuffer(
    gfx::Device *device,
    const DescriptorSetLayoutData &data,
    LayoutGraphNodeResource &node) {
    for (const auto &[nameID, uniformBlock] : data.uniformBlocks) {
        auto res = node.uniformBuffers.emplace(
            std::piecewise_construct,
            std::forward_as_tuple(nameID),
            std::forward_as_tuple());
        CC_ENSURES(res.second);
        auto &buffer = res.first->second;
        CC_EXPECTS(uniformBlock.count);
        const auto bufferSize =
            getUniformBlockSize(uniformBlock.members) * uniformBlock.count;

        CC_ENSURES(bufferSize);
        buffer.init(device, bufferSize, false);
    }
}

} // namespace

// NOLINTNEXTLINE
bool NativePipeline::activate(gfx::Swapchain *swapchainIn) {
    // setMacroInt("CC_PIPELINE_TYPE", 1);

    // disable gfx internal deduce
    gfx::Device::getInstance()->enableAutoBarrier(false);

    // shadowmap
    {
        // 0: SHADOWMAP_FLOAT, 1: SHADOWMAP_RGBE.
        const int32_t isRGBE = pipeline::supportsR32FloatTexture(getDevice()) ? 0 : 1;
        setValue("CC_SHADOWMAP_FORMAT", isRGBE);

        // 0: SHADOWMAP_LINER_DEPTH_OFF, 1: SHADOWMAP_LINER_DEPTH_ON.
        const int32_t isLinear = 0;
        setValue("CC_SHADOWMAP_USE_LINEAR_DEPTH", isLinear);

        // 0: UNIFORM_VECTORS_LESS_EQUAL_64, 1: UNIFORM_VECTORS_GREATER_EQUAL_125.
        const auto csmSupported =
            getDevice()->getCapabilities().maxFragmentUniformVectors >=
            (pipeline::UBOGlobal::COUNT + pipeline::UBOCamera::COUNT + pipeline::UBOShadow::COUNT + pipeline::UBOCSM::COUNT) >> 2;
        getPipelineSceneData()->setCSMSupported(csmSupported);
        setValue("CC_SUPPORT_CASCADED_SHADOW_MAP", csmSupported);

        // 0: CC_SHADOW_NONE, 1: CC_SHADOW_PLANAR, 2: CC_SHADOW_MAP
        setValue("CC_SHADOW_TYPE", 0);

        // 0: PCFType.HARD, 1: PCFType.SOFT, 2: PCFType.SOFT_2X, 3: PCFType.SOFT_4X
        setValue("CC_DIR_SHADOW_PCF_TYPE", static_cast<int32_t>(scene::PCFType::HARD));

        // 0: CC_DIR_LIGHT_SHADOW_PLANAR, 1: CC_DIR_LIGHT_SHADOW_UNIFORM, 2: CC_DIR_LIGHT_SHADOW_CASCADED, 3: CC_DIR_LIGHT_SHADOW_VARIANCE
        setValue("CC_DIR_LIGHT_SHADOW_TYPE", 0);

        // 0: CC_CASCADED_LAYERS_TRANSITION_OFF, 1: CC_CASCADED_LAYERS_TRANSITION_ON
        setValue("CC_CASCADED_LAYERS_TRANSITION", 0);
    }

    setValue("CC_USE_HDR", getPipelineSceneData()->isHDR());
#if ENABLE_FLOAT_OUTPUT
    setValue("CC_USE_FLOAT_OUTPUT", true);
#else
    setValue("CC_USE_FLOAT_OUTPUT", false);
#endif

    swapchain = swapchainIn;
    globalDSManager->activate(device);
    pipelineSceneData->activate(device);
#if CC_USE_DEBUG_RENDERER
    DebugRenderer::getInstance()->activate(device);
#endif
    // generate macros here rather than construct func because _clusterEnabled
    // switch may be changed in root.ts setRenderPipeline() function which is after
    // pipeline construct.
    generateConstantMacros(device, constantMacros);

    _commandBuffers.resize(1, device->getCommandBuffer());

    // reserve layout graph resource
    const auto &lg = programLibrary->layoutGraph;
    const auto numNodes = num_vertices(lg);
    nativeContext.layoutGraphResources.reserve(numNodes);
    nativeContext.lightResources.init(*programLibrary, device, 16);

    for (uint32_t i = 0; i != numNodes; ++i) {
        auto &node = nativeContext.layoutGraphResources.emplace_back();
        const auto &layout = get(LayoutGraphData::LayoutTag{}, lg, i);
        if (holds<RenderStageTag>(i, lg)) {
            auto iter = layout.descriptorSets.find(UpdateFrequency::PER_PASS);
            if (iter == layout.descriptorSets.end()) {
                continue;
            }
            const auto &set = iter->second;
            // reserve buffer
            buildLayoutGraphNodeBuffer(device, set.descriptorSetLayoutData, node);
            // reserve descriptor sets
            node.descriptorSetPool.init(device, set.descriptorSetLayout);
        } else {
            auto iter = layout.descriptorSets.find(UpdateFrequency::PER_PHASE);
            if (iter == layout.descriptorSets.end()) {
                continue;
            }
            const auto &set = iter->second;
            // reserve buffer
            buildLayoutGraphNodeBuffer(device, set.descriptorSetLayoutData, node);
            // reserve descriptor sets
            node.descriptorSetPool.init(device, set.descriptorSetLayout);
        }
    }

    // create ia
    {
        CC_EXPECTS(device);
        // create vertex buffer
        const auto vbStride = sizeof(float) * 4; // 4 float per vertex
        const auto vbSize = vbStride * 4;        // 4 vertices
        IntrusivePtr<gfx::Buffer> quadVB = device->createBuffer(gfx::BufferInfo{
            gfx::BufferUsageBit::VERTEX | gfx::BufferUsageBit::TRANSFER_DST,
            gfx::MemoryUsageBit::DEVICE | gfx::MemoryUsageBit::HOST,
            vbSize,
            vbStride});

        CC_ENSURES(quadVB);

        // update vertex buffer
        float vbData[16] = {};
        render::setupQuadVertexBuffer(*device, Vec4{0, 0, 1, 1}, vbData);
        static_assert(sizeof(vbData) == 16 * 4);
        CC_ENSURES(sizeof(vbData) == vbSize);
        quadVB->update(vbData, sizeof(vbData));

        // create index buffer
        const auto ibStride = sizeof(uint16_t);
        const auto ibSize = ibStride * 6;

        IntrusivePtr<gfx::Buffer> quadIB = device->createBuffer(gfx::BufferInfo{
            gfx::BufferUsageBit::INDEX | gfx::BufferUsageBit::TRANSFER_DST,
            gfx::MemoryUsageBit::DEVICE,
            ibSize,
            ibStride});

        CC_ENSURES(quadIB);

        ccstd::vector<uint16_t> indices(6);
        indices[0] = 0;
        indices[1] = 1;
        indices[2] = 2;
        indices[3] = 1;
        indices[4] = 3;
        indices[5] = 2;

        quadIB->update(indices.data(),
                       static_cast<uint32_t>(indices.size() * sizeof(decltype(indices)::value_type)));

        // create input assembler
        ccstd::vector<gfx::Attribute> attributes;
        attributes.reserve(2);
        attributes.emplace_back(gfx::Attribute{"a_position", gfx::Format::RG32F});
        attributes.emplace_back(gfx::Attribute{"a_texCoord", gfx::Format::RG32F});

        ccstd::vector<gfx::Buffer *> buffers;
        buffers.emplace_back(quadVB.get());

        IntrusivePtr<gfx::InputAssembler> quadIA = device->createInputAssembler(
            gfx::InputAssemblerInfo{attributes, buffers, quadIB});
        CC_ENSURES(quadIA);

        // init fullscreenQuad
        nativeContext.fullscreenQuad.quadIB = quadIB;
        nativeContext.fullscreenQuad.quadVB = quadVB;
        nativeContext.fullscreenQuad.quadIA = quadIA;
    }

    return true;
}

bool NativePipeline::destroy() noexcept {
#if CC_USE_DEBUG_RENDERER
    DebugRenderer::getInstance()->destroy();
#endif
    if (globalDSManager) {
        globalDSManager->destroy();
        globalDSManager.reset();
    }
    if (pipelineSceneData) {
        pipelineSceneData->destroy();
        pipelineSceneData = {};
    }
    pipeline::PipelineStateManager::destroyAll();
    return true;
}

void NativePipeline::render(const ccstd::vector<scene::Camera *> &cameras) {
    std::ignore = cameras;
    const auto *sceneData = pipelineSceneData.get();
    auto *commandBuffer = device->getCommandBuffer();

    executeRenderGraph(renderGraph);
}

const MacroRecord &NativePipeline::getMacros() const {
    return macros;
}

pipeline::GlobalDSManager *NativePipeline::getGlobalDSManager() const {
    return globalDSManager.get();
}

gfx::DescriptorSetLayout *NativePipeline::getDescriptorSetLayout() const {
    return globalDSManager->getDescriptorSetLayout();
}

pipeline::PipelineSceneData *NativePipeline::getPipelineSceneData() const {
    return pipelineSceneData;
}

const ccstd::string &NativePipeline::getConstantMacros() const {
    return constantMacros;
}

scene::Model *NativePipeline::getProfiler() const {
    return profiler;
}

// NOLINTNEXTLINE
void NativePipeline::setProfiler(scene::Model *profilerIn) {
    profiler = profilerIn;
}

pipeline::GeometryRenderer *NativePipeline::getGeometryRenderer() const {
    return nullptr;
}

float NativePipeline::getShadingScale() const {
    return pipelineSceneData->getShadingScale();
}

void NativePipeline::setShadingScale(float scale) {
    pipelineSceneData->setShadingScale(scale);
}

const ccstd::string &NativePipeline::getMacroString(const ccstd::string &name) const {
    static const ccstd::string EMPTY_STRING;
    auto iter = macros.find(name);
    if (iter == macros.end()) {
        return EMPTY_STRING;
    }
    return ccstd::get<ccstd::string>(iter->second);
}

int32_t NativePipeline::getMacroInt(const ccstd::string &name) const {
    auto iter = macros.find(name);
    if (iter == macros.end()) {
        return 0;
    }
    return ccstd::get<int32_t>(iter->second);
}

bool NativePipeline::getMacroBool(const ccstd::string &name) const {
    auto iter = macros.find(name);
    if (iter == macros.end()) {
        return false;
    }
    return ccstd::get<bool>(iter->second);
}

void NativePipeline::setMacroString(const ccstd::string &name, const ccstd::string &value) {
    macros[name] = value;
}

void NativePipeline::setMacroInt(const ccstd::string &name, int32_t value) {
    macros[name] = value;
}

void NativePipeline::setMacroBool(const ccstd::string &name, bool value) {
    macros[name] = value;
}

void NativePipeline::onGlobalPipelineStateChanged() {
    pipelineSceneData->updatePipelineSceneData();
}

void NativePipeline::setValue(const ccstd::string &name, int32_t value) {
    macros[name] = value;
}

void NativePipeline::setValue(const ccstd::string &name, bool value) {
    macros[name] = value;
}

bool NativePipeline::isOcclusionQueryEnabled() const {
    return false;
}

void NativePipeline::resetRenderQueue(bool reset) {
    // noop
}

bool NativePipeline::isRenderQueueReset() const {
    return true;
}

void NativePipeline::addCustomContext(std::string_view name, std::shared_ptr<CustomPipelineContext> ptr) {
    custom.contexts.emplace(name, std::move(ptr));
}

void NativePipeline::addCustomRenderPass(std::string_view name, std::shared_ptr<CustomRenderPass> ptr) {
    custom.renderPasses.emplace(name, std::move(ptr));
}

void NativePipeline::addCustomRenderSubpass(std::string_view name, std::shared_ptr<CustomRenderSubpass> ptr) {
    custom.renderSubpasses.emplace(name, std::move(ptr));
}

void NativePipeline::addCustomComputeSubpass(std::string_view name, std::shared_ptr<CustomComputeSubpass> ptr) {
    custom.computeSubpasses.emplace(name, std::move(ptr));
}

void NativePipeline::addCustomComputePass(std::string_view name, std::shared_ptr<CustomComputePass> ptr) {
    custom.computePasses.emplace(name, std::move(ptr));
}

void NativePipeline::addCustomRenderQueue(std::string_view name, std::shared_ptr<CustomRenderQueue> ptr) {
    custom.renderQueues.emplace(name, std::move(ptr));
}

void NativePipeline::addCustomRenderCommand(std::string_view name, std::shared_ptr<CustomRenderCommand> ptr) {
    custom.renderCommands.emplace(name, std::move(ptr));
}

void NativePipeline::setCustomContext(std::string_view name) {
    auto iter = custom.contexts.find(name);
    if (iter != custom.contexts.end()) {
        custom.currentContext = iter->second;
    }
}

} // namespace render

} // namespace cc